State the purpose of a selectable marker gene in plant genetic engineering and give one commonly used selectable marker.
Answer
A selectable marker allows identification of cells that have successfully integrated the transgene by conferring resistance to an antibiotic or herbicide; a common marker is the nptII gene conferring kanamycin resistance.
Step-by-step solution
- Explain that after transformation many cells are non‑transformed; a marker is needed to separate transformed cells.
- State that the marker gene encodes a protein that provides resistance to a selective agent (antibiotic/herbicide).
- Give an example; the nptII gene encodes neomycin phosphotransferase, which makes cells resistant to kanamycin.
- Combine the purpose and example into a concise answer.
Common mistake: Mentioning a reporter gene (e.g., GUS) instead of a selectable marker.
Concept tested: Selectable marker function
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