A student spent ₹3.45 on pencils and ₹4.78 on notebooks. How much did he spend in total? And how much more did he spend on notebooks than pencils?

Step-by-step solution

1. Write the amounts in a column aligning the decimal points.\n\n\begin{aligned} 3.45\\+4.78\\\hline\end{aligned}
2. Add the hundredths: $5+8=13$; write 3 and carry 1 to the tenths.
3. Add the tenths: $4+7+1(carry)=12$; write 2 and carry 1 to the units.
4. Add the units: $3+4+1(carry)=8$.
5. The total expenditure is $8.23$.
6. Now find the difference by subtracting the cheaper item from the more expensive one:\n\n\begin{aligned} 4.78\\-3.45\\\hline\end{aligned}
7. Subtract the hundredths: $8-5=3$.
8. Subtract the tenths: $7-4=3$.
9. Subtract the units: $4-3=1$.
10. The difference is $1.33$ rupees.
11. Thus the student spent ₹8.23 in total and ₹1.33 more on notebooks than pencils.

Concept tested: Adding and subtracting decimal numbers

Published 4 October 2026 · How this solution was prepared and checked