Provide a detailed explanation (long answer) of how the Supreme Court acts as a guardian of the Constitution in India.
Answer
The Supreme Court safeguards the Constitution through judicial review, interpreting constitutional provisions, ensuring the supremacy of the Constitution, protecting fundamental rights, reviewing the validity of laws and executive actions, and adjudicating disputes between the Centre and states, thereby upholding the rule of law.
Step-by-step solution
- Define judicial review as the power to examine laws and actions for constitutionality.
- Explain that the Supreme Court interprets constitutional provisions and sets precedents.
- Mention that it upholds the supremacy of the Constitution over all laws and executive orders.
- Describe how the Court protects fundamental rights by hearing petitions.
- Highlight its role in reviewing laws for consistency with the Constitution.
- Note its authority to resolve Centre‑state disputes and maintain federal balance.
- Conclude that through these powers it acts as the guardian of the Constitution.
Common mistake: Overemphasizing only constitutionality, ignoring case law
Concept tested: Judicial review in India
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